मुक्त ज्ञानकोश विकिपीडिया से
नेविगेशन पर जाएँ
खोज पर जाएँ
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
IPA |
Tibetan |
English approximation
|
Consonants
|
b
|
བ
|
bog [p] on a low tone
|
c
|
|
church
|
cʰ
|
|
church
|
ɕ
|
ཞ ཤ
|
sheep
|
d
|
ད
|
dog ([t] on a low tone)
|
dz
|
ཛ
|
adz ([ts] on a low tone)
|
dʑ
|
ཇ |
jeep ([tɕ] on a low tone)
|
ɡ
|
ག
|
gone ([k] on a low tone)
|
h
|
ཧ |
head
|
j
|
ཡ |
yes
|
ɟ
|
|
judge, (UK) dew ([c] on a low tone)
|
k
|
ཀ |
scat
|
kʰ
|
ཁ ག |
cat
|
l
|
ལ |
leap
|
l̥
|
|
(voiceless l, like hl)
|
m
|
མ |
moon
|
n
|
ན |
noon
|
ɲ
|
ཉ |
canyon
|
ŋ
|
ང |
song
|
p
|
པ |
spin
|
pʰ
|
ཕ བ |
pin
|
ɹ
|
ར |
the r in drink
|
s
|
ཟ ས |
song
|
ʂ
|
|
like first part of shrew [ʂɹu]
|
t
|
ཏ |
stop
|
tʰ
|
ཐ ད |
top
|
ʈ ~ ʈʂ
|
|
stream
|
ʈʰ ~ ʈʂʰ
|
|
trunk
|
tɕ
|
ཅ |
beach
|
tɕʰ
|
ཆ ཇ |
cheer
|
ts
|
ཙ |
cats
|
tsʰ
|
ཚ ཛ |
tsunami
|
w
|
ཝ |
water
|
z
|
ཟ |
zoo ([s] on a low tone)
|
ʑ
|
ཞ |
genre ([ɕ] on a low tone)
|
ʔ
|
ཨ |
oh-oh!
|
ʕ
|
འ |
like ɦ but more pharyngeal
|
|
IPA
|
Tibetan |
English approximation
|
Vowels
|
a
|
|
between fat and father
|
e
|
|
Spanish e (in Sp. open syllables)
|
ɛ
|
|
bed
|
i
|
|
see
|
ɪ
|
|
sit but more centralised
|
o
|
|
Spanish o (in Sp. open syllables)
|
ø
|
|
French eu, German ö
|
ɔ
|
|
dawn (mid-west US accent)
|
u
|
|
moon
|
ʊ
|
|
good but more centralised
|
ʌ
|
|
cup
|
y
|
|
French u, German ü
|
̃
|
|
nasal vowel
|
Tones
|
IPA |
Description
|
sí
|
high level: si˥
|
sî
|
high falling: si˥˧
|
sǐ
|
low rising: si˩˧
|
sì
|
low level: si˩
|
|