"ग्वाला": अवतरणों में अंतर

मुक्त ज्ञानकोश विकिपीडिया से
DreamRimmer (वार्ता) के अवतरण 6047229 पर पुनर्स्थापित
टैग: ट्विंकल किए हुए कार्य को पूर्ववत करना
No edit summary
टैग: यथादृश्य संपादिका मोबाइल संपादन मोबाइल वेब संपादन
पंक्ति 1: पंक्ति 1:
'''ग्वाला''' या '''ग्वाल''' भारत में [[यादव]]/[[गोप]] ([[अहीर]]) जाति का [[पर्यायवाची|पर्याय]] है।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1nYMAQAAMAAJ&dq=krishna+were+cowherd(+yadavas)+race&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Yadav|title=People of India: pt.1-2 West Bengal|date=1992|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-85579-09-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Zx4bAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6+|title=Mithilā ke Yādava|last=Sinhā|first=Mīnākshī|date=1993|publisher=Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gOXtGexX2gsC&pg=PA11&dq=buchanan+krishnauth&ei=5xNkS7rBGIjIMpa-0J0O&cd=4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gaur&f=false|title=The North Indian Peasant Goes to Market|last=Swartzberg|first=Leon|date=1979|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishe|isbn=978-81-208-3039-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&hl=hi&id=wT-BAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Gwal|title=The Cattle and the Stick: An Ethnographic Profile of the Raut of Chhattisgarh|last=Soni|first=Lok Nath|date=2000|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Department of Culture|isbn=978-81-85579-57-3|language=en}}</ref> अहीरों मे प्रमुखत: तीन वर्ग है- ग्वालवंश, यदुवंश तथा नंदवंश।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=7tAOAAAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj179_zh9r5AhUhxHMBHRbQBBgQ6AF6BAgLEAM#%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80|title=ब्रज का रास रंगमंच|last=अग्रवाल|first=रामनारायण|date=1981|publisher=नेशनल पब्लिशिंग हाउस|language=hi}}</ref><ref name="viśvakośa">{{पुस्तक सन्दर्भ|last1=Shyam Singh Shashi, Siddalingaswami Gurulingashastrigalu Hiremath,|first1=Lākhana Siṃha|title=Sāmājika vijñāna Hindī viśvakośa, Volume 1|date=1993|publisher=Kitāba Ghara|page=309|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rLTrAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj01-2FzprLAhUNj44KHSb7Atg4ChDoAQg-MAU|access-date=28 फ़रवरी 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306205616/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rLTrAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj01-2FzprLAhUNj44KHSb7Atg4ChDoAQg-MAU|archive-date=6 मार्च 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
'''ग्वाला''' या '''ग्वाल''' भारत में [[यादव]]/[[गोप]] ([[अहीर]]) जाति का [[पर्यायवाची|पर्याय]] है।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1nYMAQAAMAAJ&dq=krishna+were+cowherd(+yadavas)+race&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Yadav|title=People of India: pt.1-2 West Bengal|date=1992|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-85579-09-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Zx4bAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6+|title=Mithilā ke Yādava|last=Sinhā|first=Mīnākshī|date=1993|publisher=Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gOXtGexX2gsC&pg=PA11&dq=buchanan+krishnauth&ei=5xNkS7rBGIjIMpa-0J0O&cd=4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gaur&f=false|title=The North Indian Peasant Goes to Market|last=Swartzberg|first=Leon|date=1979|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishe|isbn=978-81-208-3039-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&hl=hi&id=wT-BAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Gwal|title=The Cattle and the Stick: An Ethnographic Profile of the Raut of Chhattisgarh|last=Soni|first=Lok Nath|date=2000|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Department of Culture|isbn=978-81-85579-57-3|language=en}}</ref> अहीरों मे प्रमुखत: तीन वर्ग है- ग्वालवंश, यदुवंश तथा नंदवंश।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=7tAOAAAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj179_zh9r5AhUhxHMBHRbQBBgQ6AF6BAgLEAM#%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80|title=ब्रज का रास रंगमंच|last=अग्रवाल|first=रामनारायण|date=1981|publisher=नेशनल पब्लिशिंग हाउस|language=hi}}</ref><ref name="viśvakośa">{{पुस्तक सन्दर्भ|last1=Shyam Singh Shashi, Siddalingaswami Gurulingashastrigalu Hiremath,|first1=Lākhana Siṃha|title=Sāmājika vijñāna Hindī viśvakośa, Volume 1|date=1993|publisher=Kitāba Ghara|page=309|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rLTrAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj01-2FzprLAhUNj44KHSb7Atg4ChDoAQg-MAU|access-date=28 फ़रवरी 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306205616/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rLTrAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&dq=%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj01-2FzprLAhUNj44KHSb7Atg4ChDoAQg-MAU|archive-date=6 मार्च 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
==व्युत्पत्ति==
==व्युत्पत्ति==
ग्वाला/ग्वाल शब्द का अर्थ गोपाल या "गायों का रक्षक" होता है, अमरकोश, एक प्राचीन संस्कृत पाठ उन्हें [[आभीर]] के पर्याय के रूप में मानता है।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-F7jX9O4zo4C&pg=PA63&dq=gopal+protector+of+cow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BKDGVKmEHY2l8AXJy4G4Cw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=gopal%20protector%20of%20cow&f=false|title=Baby Names for Boys|last=Kumar|first=Vijay|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=978-81-901912-3-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=lXU_AAAAMAAJ&q=gwala+abhira&dq=gwala+abhira&hl=en&sa=X&ei=H5_GVJn2BIqM8QWDr4DgBQ&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ|title=Yadavas of South India|last=Yadav|first=J. N. Singh|date=2001|publisher=Yadava Publications|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FoT6gPrbTp8C&pg=PA23&dq=amarkosh+abhira&hl=en&sa=X&ei=06LGVMT-NYrl8gWM9oHYDw&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=Amarakosha%20Abhira%20Gopa&f=false|title=The Tribes and Castes of Bombay|last=Enthoven|first=Reginald Edward|date=1990|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-0630-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-kmTe1XVcW4C&pg=PA162&dq=gopal+protector+of+cow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BKDGVKmEHY2l8AXJy4G4Cw&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=gopal%20protector%20of%20cow&f=false|title=Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives|last=Landis|first=Dan|last2=Albert|first2=Rosita D.|date=2012-02-14|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4614-0448-4|language=en}}</ref>
ग्वाला/ग्वाल/गोप/ शब्द का अर्थ गोपाल या "गायों का रक्षक" होता है, अमरकोश, एक प्राचीन संस्कृत पाठ उन्हें [[आभीर]] के पर्याय के रूप में मानता है।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-F7jX9O4zo4C&pg=PA63&dq=gopal+protector+of+cow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BKDGVKmEHY2l8AXJy4G4Cw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=gopal%20protector%20of%20cow&f=false|title=Baby Names for Boys|last=Kumar|first=Vijay|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=978-81-901912-3-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=lXU_AAAAMAAJ&q=gwala+abhira&dq=gwala+abhira&hl=en&sa=X&ei=H5_GVJn2BIqM8QWDr4DgBQ&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ|title=Yadavas of South India|last=Yadav|first=J. N. Singh|date=2001|publisher=Yadava Publications|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FoT6gPrbTp8C&pg=PA23&dq=amarkosh+abhira&hl=en&sa=X&ei=06LGVMT-NYrl8gWM9oHYDw&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=Amarakosha%20Abhira%20Gopa&f=false|title=The Tribes and Castes of Bombay|last=Enthoven|first=Reginald Edward|date=1990|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-0630-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-kmTe1XVcW4C&pg=PA162&dq=gopal+protector+of+cow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BKDGVKmEHY2l8AXJy4G4Cw&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=gopal%20protector%20of%20cow&f=false|title=Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives|last=Landis|first=Dan|last2=Albert|first2=Rosita D.|date=2012-02-14|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4614-0448-4|language=en}}</ref>

ग्वाला सभी पशुपालक जातियों के लिए सामान्य व्यावसायिक शब्द है।<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uw8wAQAAIAAJ&q=gwala+occupational+term&dq=gwala+occupational+term&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiVg_v13YT6AhW43TgGHfohBywQ6AF6BAgLEAM#gwala%20occupational%20term|title=People of India: Punjab|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|date=2003|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-7304-123-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=iNa4AAAAIAAJ&q=gwala+occupational+term&dq=gwala+occupational+term&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiVg_v13YT6AhW43TgGHfohBywQ6AF6BAgJEAM#gwala%20occupational%20term|title=Bulletin. Agricultural series|date=1913|language=en}}</ref>


==इन्हें भी देखें==
==इन्हें भी देखें==

19:09, 16 मार्च 2024 का अवतरण

ग्वाला या ग्वाल भारत में यादव/गोप (अहीर) जाति का पर्याय है।[1][2][3][4] अहीरों मे प्रमुखत: तीन वर्ग है- ग्वालवंश, यदुवंश तथा नंदवंश।[5][6]

व्युत्पत्ति

ग्वाला/ग्वाल/गोप/ शब्द का अर्थ गोपाल या "गायों का रक्षक" होता है, अमरकोश, एक प्राचीन संस्कृत पाठ उन्हें आभीर के पर्याय के रूप में मानता है।[7][8][9][10]

इन्हें भी देखें

सन्दर्भ

  1. People of India: pt.1-2 West Bengal (अंग्रेज़ी में). Anthropological Survey of India. 1992. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-81-85579-09-2.
  2. Sinhā, Mīnākshī (1993). Mithilā ke Yādava. Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī.
  3. Swartzberg, Leon (1979). The North Indian Peasant Goes to Market (अंग्रेज़ी में). Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-81-208-3039-4.
  4. Soni, Lok Nath (2000). The Cattle and the Stick: An Ethnographic Profile of the Raut of Chhattisgarh (अंग्रेज़ी में). Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Department of Culture. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-81-85579-57-3.
  5. अग्रवाल, रामनारायण (1981). ब्रज का रास रंगमंच. नेशनल पब्लिशिंग हाउस.
  6. Shyam Singh Shashi, Siddalingaswami Gurulingashastrigalu Hiremath,, Lākhana Siṃha (1993). Sāmājika vijñāna Hindī viśvakośa, Volume 1. Kitāba Ghara. पृ॰ 309. मूल से 6 मार्च 2016 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 28 फ़रवरी 2016.सीएस1 रखरखाव: फालतू चिह्न (link) सीएस1 रखरखाव: एक से अधिक नाम: authors list (link)
  7. Kumar, Vijay (2005). Baby Names for Boys (अंग्रेज़ी में). Lotus Press. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-81-901912-3-4.
  8. Yadav, J. N. Singh (2001). Yadavas of South India (अंग्रेज़ी में). Yadava Publications.
  9. Enthoven, Reginald Edward (1990). The Tribes and Castes of Bombay (अंग्रेज़ी में). Asian Educational Services. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-81-206-0630-2.
  10. Landis, Dan; Albert, Rosita D. (2012-02-14). Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives (अंग्रेज़ी में). Springer Science & Business Media. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-1-4614-0448-4.