आर्थिक संकटों की सूची

यहाँ आर्थिक संकटों और आर्थिक मन्दियों की सूची दी गयी है।

प्रथम शताब्दी

• ३३ ई का वित्तीय आतंक (पैनिक)

यह रोम के मुख्य बैंकिंग घरानों के द्वारा भारी मात्रा में अप्रतिभूत ऋण देने के कारण हुआ था।

तृतीय शताब्दी

• तृतीय शताब्दी का संकट

१४वीं शताब्दी

• १४ वीं शताब्दी का बैंकिंग संकट (the crash of the Peruzzi and the Bardi family Compagnia dei Bardi in 1345).

१७वीं शताब्दी

• Kipper und Wipper (1618–22) financial crisis at start of Thirty Years' War
• Tulip mania (1637)
• The General Crisis (1640) * Arguably the largest worldwide crisis in history

१८वीं शताब्दी

• Great Tobacco Depression (1703) (United States) -
• South Sea Bubble (1720) (UK)
• Mississippi Company (1720) (France)
• Crisis of 1763 – started in Amsterdam, begun by the collapse of Leendert Pieter de Neufville and Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky, spread to Germany and Scandinavia
• Great East Indian Bengal Bubble Crash (1769) (India) Crash started by rapid overvaluation of East India company.
• Crisis of 1772 – started in London and Amsterdam, begun by the collapse of the bankers Neal, James, Fordyce and Down.
• War of American Independence Financing Crisis (1776) (United States) - The French Revolution was initiated by its 1.4 billion livre investment here; Spain invested 700 million reales into fighting
• Panic of 1785 – United States
• Panic of 1792 – United States
• Panic of 1796–1797 – Britain and United States

१९वीं शताब्दी

• Danish state bankruptcy of 1813
• Post-Napoleonic depression (post 1815) (England)
• Panic of 1819, a U.S. recession with bank failures; culmination of U.S.'s first boom-to-bust economic cycle
• Panic of 1825, a pervasive British recession in which many banks failed, nearly including the Bank of England
• Panic of 1837, a U.S. recession with bank failures, followed by a 5-year depression
• Panic of 1847, started as a collapse of British financial markets associated with the end of the 1840s railway industry boom
• Panic of 1857, a U.S. recession with bank failures
• Panic of 1866, was an international financial downturn that accompanied the failure of Overend, Gurney and Company in London
• Great Depression of British Agriculture (1873–1896)
• Long Depression (1873–1896)
  • Panic of 1873, a US recession with bank failures, followed by a four-year depression
  • Panic of 1884
  • Panic of 1890
  • Panic of 1893, a US recession with bank failures
  • Australian banking crisis of 1893
  • Panic of 1896

२०वीं शताब्दी

1900 का दशक

• Panic of 1901, a U.S. economic recession that started a fight for financial control of the Northern Pacific Railway
• Panic of 1907, a U.S. economic recession with bank failures

1920 का दशक

• Depression of 1920-21, a U.S. economic recession following the end of WW1
• Wall Street Crash of 1929 and महामन्दी (1929–1939) the worst depression of modern history

1970 का दशक

• 1970s energy crisis
  • OPEC oil price shock (1973)
  • 1979 energy crisis (1979)
• Secondary banking crisis of 1973–1975 in the UK
• Latin American debt crisis (late 1970s, early 1980s) known as "lost decade"

1980 का दशक

• Early 1980s Recession
• Chilean crisis of 1982
• Bank stock crisis (Israel 1983)
• Japanese asset price bubble (1986–1992)
• Black Monday (1987) (1987) (US)
• Savings and loan crisis failure of 1,043 out of the 3,234 S&Ls from 1986 to 1995 in the U.S.

1990 का दशक

• Special Period in Cuba (1990–1994)
• Early 1990s Recession
• 1991 India economic crisis
• Finnish banking crisis (1990s) (1991-1993)
• Swedish banking crisis (1990s)
• 1994 economic crisis in Mexico
• 1997 Asian financial crisis
• 1998 Russian financial crisis
• 1998-99 Ecuador financial crisis
• Argentine economic crisis (1999–2002)
• Samba effect (1999) (Brazil)

२१वीं शताब्दी

2000 का दशक

• Early 2000s recession
  • Dot-com bubble (2000-2002) (US)
• 2001 Turkish economic crisis
• 2002 Uruguay banking crisis
• Venezuelan general strike of 2002–03
• 2007-2009 Financial Crisis
• Late-2000s recession (worldwide)
  • 2000s energy crisis (2003-2009) oil price bubble
  • Subprime mortgage crisis (US) (2007-2010)
  • United States housing bubble and United States housing market correction (US) (2003-2011)
  • Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010 (US)
  • 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis
  • 2008–2010 Irish banking crisis
  • Russian financial crisis of 2008–2009
  • 2008 Latvian financial crisis
  • Venezuelan banking crisis of 2009–10
• 2008-16 Spanish financial crisis

2010 का दशक

• European sovereign debt crisis (EU) (2009-2019)
  • Greek government-debt crisis (2009-2019)
• 2010-14 Portuguese financial crisis
• Crisis in Venezuela (2012-now)
• Ukrainian crisis (2013-2014)
• 2014 Russian financial crisis
• 2014-2017 Brazilian economic crisis
• 2015 Chinese stock market crash
• Turkish currency and debt crisis, 2018

2020 का दशक

• Coronavirus recession
• Socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic (2020-)
  • 2020 stock market crash (2020-)
    • Black Monday (March 9)
    • Black Thursday (March 12)
    • Federal Reserve Response (March 15-16)
• Lebanon liquidity crisis of 2020

इन्हें भी देखे

• विश्व का आर्थिक इतिहास
• वित्तीय संकट और आर्थिक संहार (economic collapse)
• मुद्रा संकट, अतिमुद्रास्फीति और अवमूल्यन
• बैंकिंग संकट, credit crunch, bank run
• Savings and loan crisis
• भुगतान संतुलन का संकट (Balance of payments crisis)
• Depression (economics), आर्थिक शिथिलता (recession), stagflation, jobless recovery
• Economic bubble, stock market bubble and real estate bubble
• Market correction, nominal price, equilibrium price
• Kondratiev wave, व्यापार चक्र and business cycle models
• Boom and bust
• छद्म पूँजी (Fictitious capital), Intrinsic value, Speculation
• संकट सिद्धान्त, tendency of the rate of profit to fall, reserve army of labour
• अतिउत्पादन (Overproduction), underconsumption and demand shortfall
• Consolidation (business), industrial consolidation, market concentration
• Capital flight, capital strike, urban blight, अनुद्योगीकरण (deindustrialization)
• Wage-price spiral
• बैंक संकटों की सूची

सन्दर्भ

• Galbraith, J. K. (1990), A Short History of Financial Euphoria, New York: Penguin Books, आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-670-85028-4