भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के प्रथम संग्राम का घटनाक्रम

मुक्त ज्ञानकोश विकिपीडिया से

यहाँ भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के प्रथम संग्राम की प्रमुख घटनाएँ एवं उनकी तिथियाँ दी गयीं हैं।

कालक्रम[संपादित करें]

1857[संपादित करें]

१८५७ की घटनाएँ
तिथि घटना


26 फरवरी बहरामपुर के १९वीं इन्फैन्ट्री के सिपाहियों ने रायफल चलाने का अभ्यास करने से मना कर दिया।
29 मार्च At Barrackpore, in Bengal, Mangal Pandey wounds two British mutiny of 34th Native Infantry
31 March 19th Native Infantry disbanded .
8 अप्रैल मंगल पाण्डे को फांसी दी गयी
24 April Troopers of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry at Meerut refuse orders to fire greased cartridges
2 May Unrest at Ambala, 48th Mutiny at Lucknow
6 May Part of the 34th Native Infantry disbanded at Barrackpore
8 May Troops of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry found guilty by court-martial and given severe sentences
10 May Mutiny and Murders at Meerut, troops head towards Delhi
11 May Europeans, and Christians slaughtered in Delhi
13 May Bahadur Shah II proclaimed new Mughal emperor. British disarm the garrison at Lahore
17 May Delhi Field Force, under George Anson, advances from Ambala
22 May Peshawar garrison disarmed
20-23 May Part of 9th Native Infantry mutiny at Agra
27 May Anson dies of cholera;replaced by Major-General Sir Henry Barnard
30 May Mutinies at Muttra and Lucknow
31 May Rohilkhand and Bhurtpore Army mutinies
5 June Cawnpore 2nd Cavalry Mutinies
6 June Cawnpore Siege begins, Mutiny at Allahabad
7 June Wilson and Barnard meet at Alipur
8 June Battle of Badli-ki-Serai; Massacre at Jhansi
11 June Lucknow Police rebel; Neill arrives at Allahabad
25 June Nana Sahib offers terms at Cawnpore
27 June Satichaura Ghat Massacre at Cawnpore
30 June British defeat at Chinhat; Lucknow Residency besieged
1 July इन्दौर में विद्रोह
2 July Arrival of Bakht Khan at Delhi
4 July Sir Henry Lawrence dies at Lucknow
5 July General Barnard dies of cholera;Major-General Thomas Reed succeeds as commander of the Delhi Field Force
7 July Havelock's force leaves for Cawnpore
12 July Brigadier-General Sir Henry Havelock defeats rebels at Fatehpur, en route to Cawnpore
15 July Massacre of women and children in the Bibighar at Cawnpore.
15 July Havelock defeats rebels at Aong and Pandu Nadi, near Cawnpore.
16 July Nana Sahib defeated in first battle for Cawnpore
17 July Sir Archdale Wilson replaces the ailing Reed as commander of the Delhi Field Force
27 July Siege of Arrah starts
29 July Havelock's victory at Unao
30 July First relief of Arrah fails
31 July Lord Canning issues his controversial 'Clemency' resolution, by which he advises against the execution of mutineers not convicted of murder
3 August Siege of Arrah ends after action by Major Vincent Eyre
5 August Havelock's victory at Bashiratganj
13 August Havelock withdrawal to Cawnpore ;Colin Campbell, Anson's successor as Commander-in-Chief of India,arrives at Calcutta
14 August John Nicholson arrives at Delhi Ridge
16 August Havelock victory at Bithur
17 August Major William Hobson defeats a large body of rebel cavalry near Rohtak
4 September Siege train, proceeding from Punjab, arrives in the British camp outside Delhi
5 September Sir James Outram's arrival at Cawnpore
14 September Wilson's assault on Delhi begins, Nicholson wounded
19 September Havelock and Outram march to Lucknow
20 September Delhi captured and cleared of rebel troops
21 September William Hodson captures King of Delhi
22 September Hodson executes Mughal princes
23 September Nicholson dies of wounds
25 September First relief of Lucknow
10 October Agra mutineers defeated
9 November Kavanagh escapes from Lucknow
14-17 November Second relief of Lucknow by Campbell
19 November Women and children evacuated from Lucknow
22 November British withdraw from Lucknow
24 November Havelock dies of dysentery
26-28 November Windham defeated at second battle of Cawnpore
28-30 November Campbell reaches Cawnpore to join Windham
6 December Tantia Tope defeated at third battle of Cawnpore
Sources: www.britishempire.co.uk and Saul David, The Indian Mutiny


1858[संपादित करें]

१८५८ की घटनाएँ
तिथि घटना
6 January Campbell reoccupies Fategarh
16 January Hugh Rose begins campaign in central India
February Campbell opens separate campaign for reconquest of Oudh
3 February Rose relieves Saugor after a seven-month siege
2 March Campbell returns to Lucknow
21 March Last rebels removed from Lucknow
1 April Dividing his force,Rose defeats a numerically superior army under Tatya Tope on the river Betwa
3 April Jhansi captured and sacked
15 April Walpole defeated at Ruiya
23 April Rose enters Kalpi
5 May Campbell victory at Bareilly
7 May Rose defeats large force under Tantia Topi and the Rani of Jhansi at Kutch
22 May Rose wins at Kalpi;end of operations in Rohilkhand; start of guerrilla warfare
28 May Rao Sahib, Tantia Topi, the Rani of ]hansi and the Nawab of Banda enter Gwalior State with the remnants of their force and seize Gwalior on 1 June
5 June Death of the Maulvi
12 June James Hope Grant wins at Nawabganj in the final decisive battle in Oudh
17 June Battle of Kotah-ki-Serai, death of Rani of Jhansi
19 June Battle of Gwalior
2 August Queen Victoria approves bill transferring administration of India from the East India Company

to the Crown

1 November Royal Proclamation replacing East India Company with British Government and offering unconditional pardon to all not involved in murder or the protection of murderers
Source: www.britishempire.co.uk


1859[संपादित करें]

Events of 1859
Date Event
4 January Various Oudh leaders, including Nana Sahib, forced into the Nepal Terai by Hope Grant
7 January Operations in Oudh declared officially over.
29 March Bahadur Shah found guilty
7 April Tatya Tope betrayed to the British,
18 April Tatya Tope executed.
8 July Peace officially declared.[1][2]
Source: www.britishempire.co.uk















इन्हें भी पढ़ें[संपादित करें]

Fremont-Barnes, Gregory (2007). The Indian Mutiny 1857-58. Osprey Publishing. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-84603-209-1.

सन्दर्भ[संपादित करें]

  1. Prichard, Iltudus Thomas (1869). The Administration of India from 1859-1868: The First Ten Years of Administration Under the Crown. London: Macmillan & Co.
  2. Buckland, Charles Edward (1901). Bengal under the lieutenant-governors (v.01): being a narrative of the principal events and public measures during their periods of office, from 1854-1898. Calcutta: S K Lahiri.