विकिपीडिया:Devanagari Help/Linux and FreeBSD

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If the problem remains unsolved even after following the undergiven solution(s) then please see Unicode Fonts

अनुक्रम

[संपादित करें] GNOME

Supports: Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Tibetan

[संपादित करें] Viewing Indic text

You do not need to do anything to enable viewing of Indic text in GNOME 2.8 or later. Older versions may have support for some, but not all Indic scripts. Ensure you have appropriate Unicode fonts for each script you wish to view or edit.

Some web browsers may require you to enable Pango rendering to view Indic text properly.

  • For Epiphany, Pango rendering can be enabled in GConf. Press Alt+F2 to bring up the Run Application dialog, then enter gconf-editor and click Run. The Configuration Editor window will appear. In the left pane, unfold apps → epiphany and click the web section. In the right pane, check the box next to the enable_pango option, then restart Epiphany.
  • When using Mozilla or Firefox, you can enable Pango rendering by opening xterm and typing MOZ_ENABLE_PANGO=1 mozilla or MOZ_ENABLE_PANGO=1 firefox. After this, all future sessions of Mozilla or Firefox will have Indic language support.
    • This will work only on Firefox compiled with --enable-pango.
    • The easiest way to check whether --enable-pango was used in your copy of Firefox is to type about:buildconfig in the address bar and to look for the string (--enable-pango).
    • For Ubuntu 6.06, this support has been turned off due to speed issues. To enable support, you must type MOZ_DISABLE_PANGO=0 firefox. Future sessions do not remember this setting, so it must be repeated.
    • For Ubuntu 7.10, this support can be enabled just by installing the relevant language support packs. For instance, to support Tamizh display, the following is sufficient: sudo apt-get install language-pack-ta language-support-ta language-pack-gnome-ta ttf-tamil-fonts
    • For SUSE 10.1 you have to add the "MOZ_ENABLE_PANGO=1″ to your .profile to make the effect permanent.
      1. Go to your home directory, then edit the .profile file -it is a hidden file.
      2. Scroll down to the last line of the file and add: export MOZ_ENABLE_PANGO=1
      3. Save the .profile file. Restart for the effect to take place

[संपादित करें] Inputting Indic text

  • Go to Applications > Preferences > Keyboard.
  • Select the "Layouts" tab.
  • Select the keyboard for the language or script you wish to use from the "Available Layouts" frame and then press "Add".
  • Press "Close" to discard the dialogue box.
  • Right click on the main menu on your desktop and select "Add to Panel...".
  • Select "Keyboard Indicator" and click "Add".
  • Position the keyboard indicator on your menu bar and click it to switch between keyboard layouts.

Using SCIM

Another option is to use SCIM, to enable that,

  • Install Hindi font support, groupinstall hindi-support
  • Then enable SCIM, using System -> Personal -> Input Method from the menu, and use Hindi phonetic support.

For more check http://www.ruturaj.net/fedora-6-hindi-support-scim

[संपादित करें] KDE

Supports: Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu.

[संपादित करें] Viewing Indic text

You do not need to do anything to enable viewing of Indic text. Ensure you have appropriate Unicode fonts for each script you wish to view or edit.

[संपादित करें] Inputting Indic text

  • In the Control Center, go to Regional & Accessibility, Keyboard Layout
  • In the tab Layout, click on Enable keyboard layouts
  • Choose the layout you want in Available layouts
  • Click on Apply
  • Now, you will have an icon for the KDE Keyboard Tool in your panel, in which you can choose the layout you want

[संपादित करें] Distribution-specific advice

[संपादित करें] Debian (and derivatives like Ubuntu)

Supports: Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Tibetan, Punjabi.

[संपादित करें] Viewing Indic text

Enter as root:

apt-get install ttf-indic-fonts

and when the installation is complete restart the X server.

For Tibetan script:

apt-get install ttf-tmuni

For Mozilla and Firefox, see the comments above under "gnome". Rendering should work correctly "out of the box" as of Debian-4.0 (etch).

[संपादित करें] Inputting Indic text

SCIM supports text input in Indic languages including phonetic layout. SCIM should be working by default in recent distributions. More instructions on using and configuring SCIM can be found on help.ubuntu.com [1]

[संपादित करें] Fedora

Supports: Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Punjabi among others.

[संपादित करें] Installing Indic fonts

For example, to install Kannada fonts, Simply enter as root on the console and type in the command:

yum install fonts-kannada

This will download the Kannada fonts from the repositories and install it.

Similarly, for Hindi, say, enter as root on the console and type in the command:

yum install fonts-hindi

[संपादित करें] Keyboard support

Start the Add/Remove software applet. For example in KDE, say, navigate to System and then Add/Remove software. In the applet window, select Languages on the list box to your left hand side. In the right hand side list box, select the Indian languages of interest to you.

For example, to have Kannada key board support, check the box for Kannada Support. Similarly, for Hindi support, say, check the box for Hindi Support.

It has observed that for Kannada, Fedora not only puts in Kannada keyboard support, but also provides transliteration support and also the keyboard support for KGP (Kannada Ganaka Parishad) keyboards. With this feature, users can directly type in Kannada words in Roman script to be transliterated to Kannada text in the application of your choice. For example into your browser, text editor, document editor, email client etc. Users can also use native Kannada keyboards, KGP based or otherwise to type in Kannada texts directly.

[संपादित करें] Arch Linux

Supports: Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu.

To install Indic fonts:

pacman -S ttf-indic-otf

To enter Indic text in GNOME/KDE, follow the instructions in the respective sections above.

[संपादित करें] Gentoo

Supports: Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu.

[संपादित करें] Installing Indic fonts
emerge lohit-fonts

Note: The lohit-fonts package was earlier named media-fonts/fonts-indic.

The mozilla-*-bin products shipped by gentoo are directly taken from mozilla's ftp servers and aren't built with pango support. Unless you notice a problem with this you need to build your own copy with the "moznopango" USE flag disabled: USE="-moznopango" (notice the minus sign, which in this case results in a double negation). Firefox 3 will be shipping with pango enabled by default.

[संपादित करें] Inputting Indic text
emerge -av scim-tables scim-m17n

Study the USE flags and the LINGUAS flags and set them accordingly depending on your desktop environment and language support needed. The following needs to be set whenever you login (append it to your .xinitrc or .xsession).

export XMODIFIERS=@im=SCIM    #case matters for this variable!
export GTK_IM_MODULE=scim
export QT_IM_MODULE=scim

Mozilla apps and precompiled software such as acroread might not play well with scim (C++). In such cases, make use of scim-bridge (C - avoiding C++ ABI issues) [2].

emerge scim-bridge

and startup firefox as:

% GTK_IM_MODULE=scim-bridge firefox

You might have to start the scim daemon manually. (Add it your session's startup)

scim -d

SCIM is a unified frontend for currently available input method libraries.

[संपादित करें] FreeBSD

Supports: Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu.

[संपादित करें] Installing Indic fonts

cd /usr/ports/x11-fonts/fonts-indic && make install clean

The binary package of firefox (when you do pkd_add -r firefox) might give the same problems as in Gentoo's bin package (needs confirmation)

[संपादित करें] Inputting Indic text

See Gentoo's section above.

"http://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:Devanagari_Help/Linux_and_FreeBSD" से लिया गया
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