सार्वभौमिक राष्ट्र
विकिपीडिया, एक मुक्त ज्ञानकोष से
(राष्ट्र से अनुप्रेषित)
राष्ट्र कहते हैं, एक जन समूह को, जिनकी एक पहचान होती है, जो कि उन्हें उस राष्ट्र से जोङती है । इस परिभाषा से तातपर्य है कि वह जन समूह साधारणतः समान भाषा, धर्म, इतिहास, नैतिक आचार, या मूल उद्गम से होता है ।
यह शब्द देश का पर्यायवाची बन जाता है, जहाँ कुछ असार्वभौमिक राष्ट्र, जिन्होंने अपनी पहचान जुङने के बाद पृथक सार्वभौमिक जैसी ही बनाए रखी है, जिसमें एक राष्ट्र बँटा हो सकता है कई राज्यों में ।
[संपादित करें] सार्वभौमिक राष्ट्र
| नाम | अँग्रेजी में संक्षिप्त नाम | आधिकारिक नाम (अँग्रेजी / मूल) | संक्षिप्त नाम (मूल सरकारी नाम) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| en:Afghanistan | Islamic Republic of Afghanistan دولت اسلامی افغانستان Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan |
Pushtu: Afġānistān / افغانستان Dari: Afġānestān / افغانستان |
||
| en:Albania | Republic of Albania Republika e Shqipërise |
Albanian: Shqipëria | ||
| en:Algeria | People's Democratic Republic of Algeria الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Jazā’irīyah ad-Dīmuqrāţīyah ash-Sha’bīyah |
Arabic: Al-Jazā'ir / الجمهورية الجزائرية | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े अन्डोरा | en:Andorra | Principality of Andorra Principat d'Andorre |
Catalan: Andorra French: Andorre |
|
| en:Angola | Republic of Angola República de Angola |
Portugese: Angola | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े अंटीग्वा एण्ड बारबुडा | en:Antigua and Barbuda4 | Antigua and Barbuda | English: Antigua and Barbuda | |
| en:Argentina3 | Arnetine Nation or Argentine Republic República Argentina |
Spanish: Argentina | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े आर्मीनिया | en:Armenia | Republic of Armenia Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun |
Armenian: Hayastan / Հայաստան | |
| en:Australia3 | Commonwealth of Australia | English: Australia | ||
| en:Austria4 | Republic of Austria Republik Österreich |
German: Österreich | ||
| en:Azerbaijan1, 4 | Republic of Azerbaijan Azərbaycan Respublikası |
Azeri: Azərbaycan | ||
| en:The Bahamas | Commonwealth of the Bahamas | English: The Bahamas | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े बहरैन | en:Bahrain | Kingdom of Bahrain مملكة البحرين Mamlakat al Bahrayn |
Arabic: al-Baḥrayn / بحرين | |
| en:Bangladesh | People's Republic of Bangladesh গণ প্রজাতঁত্রী বাংলাদেশ Gana Prajātantrī Bānglādesh |
Bengali: Banglādeś / বাংলাদেশ | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े बार्बैडॉस | en:Barbados | Barbados | English: Barbados | |
| en:Belarus | Republic of Belarus Рэспу́бліка Белару́сь Respublika Biełaruś |
Belarusian: Bjelarúś / Белару́сь Russian: Bjelorússija / Белору́ссия |
||
| en:Belgium | Kingdom of Belgium Koninkrijk België Royaume de Belgique Königreich Belgien |
Dutch: België French: Belgique German: Belgien |
||
| en:Belize | Belize | English: Belize | ||
| en:Benin | Republic of Benin | French: Bénin | ||
| en:Bhutan | Kingdom of Bhutan | Jonghka: Druk Yul | ||
| en:Bolivia | Republic of Bolivia | Spanish: Bolivia | ||
| en:Bosnia and Herzegovina4 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnian: Bosna i Hercegovina / Босна и Херцеговина Serbian and Croatian: idem |
||
| en:Botswana | Republic of Botswana | Tswana: Botswana English: Botswana |
||
| en:Brazil3 | Federative Republic of Brazil | Portuguese: Brasil | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े ब्रुनेई | en:Brunei | Brunei Darussalam | Malay: Brunei | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े बुल्गारिया | en:Bulgaria | Republic of Bulgaria | Bulgarian: Bălgarija / България | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े बर्किना फ़ासो | en:Burkina Faso | Burkina Faso | French: Burkina Faso | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े बुरुन्डी | en:Burundi | Republic of Burundi | Kirundi: Uburundi French: Burundi |
|
| en:Cambodia | Kingdom of Cambodia | Cambodian: Kampuchea / កម្ពុជា | ||
| en:Cameroon | Republic of Cameroon | French: Cameroun English: Cameroon |
||
| en:Canada3 | Canada | English: Canada French: Canada |
||
| en:Cape Verde | Republic of Cape Verde | Portugese: Cabo Verde | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े सेन्ट्रल अफ़्रीकन रिपब्लिक | en:Central African Republic | Central African Republic | French: République Centrafricaine Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka |
|
| en:Chad | Republic of Chad | French: Tchad Arabic: Tašād / تشاد |
||
| en:Chile | Republic of Chile | Spanish: Chile | ||
| China (PRC)4 | People's Republic of China | Chinese: Zhōngguó / 中國 | ||
| en:Colombia | Republic of Colombia | Spanish: Colombia | ||
| en:Comoros3 | Union of the Comoros | French: Comores Comorian: Komori Arabic: Qumur / قمر |
||
| Congo-Kinshasa | Democratic Republic of Congo | French: Congo | ||
| Congo-Brazzaville | Republic of Congo | French: Congo | ||
| en:Costa Rica | Republic of Costa Rica | Spanish: Costa Rica | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े कोटे ड आइवोरे | en:Côte d'Ivoire10 | Republic of Côte d'Ivore | French: Côte d'Ivoire | |
| en:Croatia | Republic of Croatia | Croatian: Hrvatska | ||
| en:Cuba | Republic of Cuba | Spanish: Cuba | ||
| en:Cyprus1 | Republic of Cyprus | Greek: Kypros / Κυπρος Turkish: Kıbrıs |
||
| en:Czech Republic12 | Czech Republic | Czech: Česko | ||
| en:Denmark2 | Kingdom of Denmark | Danish: Danmark | ||
| en:Djibouti | Republic of Djibouti | French:Djibouti Arabic: Jibuti / جيبوتي |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े डॉमिनिका | en:Dominica | Commonwealth of Dominica | English: Dominica | |
| en:Dominican Republic | Dominican Republic | Spanish: Republica Dominicana | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े ईस्ट तिमोर | en:East Timor | Democratic Republic of East Timor | Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e Portuguese: Timor-Leste |
|
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े एक़्वेडॉर | en:Ecuador | Republic of Ecuador | Spanish: Ecuador | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े मिस्त्र | en:Egypt | Arab Republic of Egypt | Arabic: al-Mişr / مصر | |
| en:El Salvador | Republic of El Salvador | Spanish: El Salvador | ||
| en:Equatorial Guinea | Republic of Equatorial Guinea | Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial | ||
| en:Eritrea | State of Eritrea | Tigrinya: Ertra - ኤርትራ Irītriyā /Arabic: إريتريا |
||
| en:Estonia | Republic of Estonia | Estonian: Eesti | ||
| en:Ethiopia3 | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia | Amharic: Ityop'ia / ኢትዮጵያ | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े फ़िजी | en:Fiji4 | Republic of the Fiji Islands | English: Fiji Fijian: Viti |
|
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े फिन्लैण्ड | en:Finland4 | Republic of Finland | Finnish: Suomi Swedish: Finland |
|
| en:France2 | French Republic | French: France | ||
| en:Gabon | Gabonese Republic | French: Gabon | ||
| en:The Gambia | Republic of the Gambia | English: The Gambia | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े जोर्जिया | Georgia1,4 | Georgia | Georgian: Sak'art'velo / საქართველო | |
| en:Germany3 | Federal Republic of Germany | German: Deutschland | ||
| en:Ghana | Republic of Ghana | English: Ghana | ||
| en:Greece4 | Greek Republic | Greek:'Ellas / 'Eλλας | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े ग्रेनाडा | en:Grenada4 | Grenada | English: Grenada | |
| en:Guatemala | Republic of Guatemala | Spanish: Guatemala | ||
| en:Guinea | Republic of Guinea | French: Guinée | ||
| en:Guinea-Bissau | Republic of Guinea-Bissau | Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau | ||
| en:Guyana | Co-operative Republic of Guyana | English: Guyana | ||
| en:Haiti | Republic of Haiti | French: Haïti Haitian Creole: Ayiti |
||
| en:Honduras | Republic of Honduras | Spanish: Honduras | ||
| en:Hungary | Republic of Hungary | Hungarian: Magyarország | ||
| en:Iceland | Republic of Iceland | Icelandic: Ísland | ||
| en:India3 | Republic of India | Hindi: Bharat / भारत English: India |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े इंडोनिशया | en:Indonesia | Republic of Indonesia | Indonesian: Indonesia | |
| en:Iran | Islamic Republic of Iran | Farsi: Īrān / ایران | ||
| en:Iraq | Republic of Iraq | Arabic: Al-ʿĪrāq / العیراق Kurdish: ʿÎraq / عیراق |
||
| Ireland, Republic of | Republic of Ireland | English: Ireland Irish: Éire |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े इसराइल | en:Israel | State of Israel | Hebrew: Yisra'el / ישראל Arabic: Isra'il / اسرائيل |
|
| en:Italy | Italian Republic | Italian: Italia | ||
| en:Jamaica | Jamaica | English: Jamaica | ||
| en:Japan | Japan | Japanese: Nihon-koku / 日本国 | ||
| en:Jordan | Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | Arabic: Al-Urdun / الاردن | ||
| en:Kazakhstan | Republic of Kazakhstan | Kazakh: Qazaqstan / Қазақстан Russian: Kazachstan / Казахстан |
||
| en:Kenya | Republic of Kenya | English: Kenya Swahili: Kenya |
||
| en:Kiribati | Republic of Kiribati | Kiribati: Kiribati English: Kiribati |
||
| Korea (North) | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | Korean: Chosŏn / 조선 | ||
| Korea (South) | Republic of Korea | Korean: Hanguk / 대한 | ||
| en:Kuwait | State of Kuwait | Arabic: Al-Kuwayt / الكويت | ||
| en:Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyz Republic | Kyrgyz: Kyrgyzstan / Кыргызстан Russian: Kyrgyzstan / Кыргызстан |
||
| en:Laos | Lao People's Democratic Republic | Laotian: Lao / ນລາວ | ||
| en:Latvia | Republic of Latvia | Latvian: Latvija | ||
| en:Lebanon | Republic of Lebanon | Arabic: Lubnān / لبنان | ||
| en:Lesotho | Kingdom of Lesotho | English: Lesotho Sotho: Lesotho |
||
| en:Liberia | Republic of Liberia | English: Liberia | ||
| en:Libya | Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | Arabic: Lībiyyah / ليبية | ||
| en:Liechtenstein | Principality of Liechtenstein | German: Liechtenstein | ||
| en:Lithuania | Republic of Lithuania | Lithuanian: Lietuva | ||
| en:Luxembourg | Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg | Luxembourgian: Lëtzebuerg French: Luxembourg German: Luxemburg |
||
| Macedonia (FYROM)5 | Republic of Macedonia | Macedonian: Makedonija / Македонија Albanian: Maqedoni |
||
| en:Madagascar | Republic of Madagascar | Malagasy: Madagasikara French: Madagascar |
||
| en:Malawi | Republic of Malawi | English: Malawi Chewa: Malaŵi |
||
| en:Malaysia3 | Federation of Malaysia | Malay: Malaysia | ||
| en:Maldives | Republic of Maldives | Divehi: Divehi Rājje / ގުޖޭއްރާ ޔާއްރިހޫމްޖު | ||
| en:Mali | Republic of Mali | French: Mali | ||
| en:Malta | Republic of Malta | Maltese: Malta | ||
| en:Marshall Islands | Republic of the Marshall Islands | English: Marshall Islands | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े मुरितानिया | en:Mauritania | Islamic Republic of Mauritania | Arabic: Mūrītāniyyah / موريتانية French: Mauritanie |
|
| en:Mauritius | Republic of Mauritius | ENglish: Mauritius French: Maurice |
||
| en:Mexico3 | United Mexican States | Spanish: México | ||
| Micronesia3 | Federated States of Micronesia | English: Micronesia | ||
| en:Moldova1,4 | Republic of Moldova | Romanian/Moldovan: Moldova Russian: Moldova / Молдова |
||
| en:Monaco | Principality of Monaco | French: Monaco | ||
| en:Mongolia | Mongolia | Mongolian: Mongol Uls / Монгол Улс | ||
| en:Morocco6 | Kingdom of Morocco | Arabic: al-Maġrib / مغرب | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े मोजाम्बिक | en:Mozambique | Republic of Mozambique | Portuguese: Moçambique | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े म्यानमार | en:Myanmar11 | Union of Myanmar | Burmese: Myanma | |
| en:Nagorno-Karabakh1 | Nagorno-Karabakh Republic | Armenian: Lernayin Gharabagh / Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ | ||
| en:Namibia | Republic of Namibia | English: Namibia | ||
| en:Nauru | Nauru | Nauran: Naoero English: Nauru |
||
| en:Nepal | Kingdom of Nepal | Nepali: Nepāl / नेपाल | ||
| en:Netherlands2 | Kingdom of the Netherlands | Dutch: Nederland | ||
| en:New Zealand2 | New Zealand | English: New Zealand Maori: Aotearoa |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े निकरागुआ | en:Nicaragua | Republic of Nicaragua | Spanish: Nicaragua | |
| en:Niger | Republic of Niger | French: Niger | ||
| en:Nigeria3 | Federal Republic of Nigeria | English: Nigeria | ||
| Northern Cyprus1 | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs | ||
| en:Norway2 | Kingdom of Norway | Norwegian (bokmål): Norge Norwegian (nynorsk): Noreg |
||
| en:Oman | Sultanate of Oman | Arabic: ʿUmmān / عمان | ||
| en:Pakistan | Islamic Republic of Pakistan | Islami Jamhuriye Pakistan | Urdu: Pākistān / پاکستان | |
| en:Palau | Republic of Palau | Palauan: Belau English: Palau |
||
| en:Palestine7 | State of Palestine | Arabic: Filastīn / فلسطين | ||
| en:Panama | Republic of Panama | Spanish: Panamá | ||
| en:Papua New Guinea | Papua New Guinea | English: Papua New Guinea | ||
| en:Paraguay | Republic of Paraguay | Spanish: Paraguay Guarani: Paraguái |
||
| en:Peru | Republic of Peru | Spanish: Perú | ||
| en:Philippines | Republic of the Philippines | Pilipino: Pilipinas English: Philippines |
||
| en:Poland | Republic of Poland | Polish: Polska | ||
| en:Portugal4 | Portuguese Republic | Portuguese: Portugal | ||
| en:Qatar | State of Qatar | Arabic: Qaṭar / قطر | ||
| en:Romania | Romania | Romanian: România | ||
| en:Russia3 | Russian Federation | Russian: Rossija / Россия | ||
| en:Rwanda | Republic of Rwanda | Rwandese: Urwanda French: Rwanda |
||
| Sahara6 (Western) | Democratic Arab Republic of Sahara | Arabic: Al-Saḥrāwiyyah / صحراوية | ||
| en:Saint Kitts and Nevis4 | Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis | English: Saint Kitts and Nevis | ||
| en:Saint Lucia | Saint Lucia | English: Saint Lucia | ||
| en:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | ||
| en:Samoa | Independent State of Samoa | English: Samoa Samoan: Samoa |
||
| en:San Marino | Italian: Repubblica di San Marino | San Marino | ||
| en:São Tomé and Príncipe4 | Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe | Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe | ||
| en:Saudi Arabia | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | Arabic: Al-ʿArabiyyah as-Saʿūdiyyah / العربية السعودية | ||
| en:Senegal | Republic of Senegal | French: Sénégal | ||
| en:Serbia and Montenegro3,4,8 | State Community of Serbia and Montenegro | Serbian: Srbija i Crna Gora / Србија и Црна Гора | ||
| en:Seychelles | Republic of Seychelles | English: Seychelles French: Seychelles Seselwa: Sesel |
||
| en:Sierra Leone | Republic of Sierra Leone | English: Sierra Leone | ||
| en:Singapore | Republic of Singapore | Malay: Singapura Chinese: Xinjiapo / 新加坡 Tamil: Čiṅkappūr / சிங்கப்பூர் English: Singapore |
||
| en:Slovakia | Slovak Republic | Slovak: Slovensko | ||
| en:Slovenia | Republic of Slovenia | Slovenian: Slovenija | ||
| en:Solomon Islands | Solomon Islands | English: Solomon Islands | ||
| en:Somalia1,9 | Somalia | Somalian: Soomaaliya | ||
| en:Somaliland1 | Republic of Somaliland | Somalian: Somaliland | ||
| en:South Africa | Republic of South Africa | English: South Africa Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika Xhosa: Mzantsi Afrika Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika etc. |
||
| en:South Ossetia1 | Republic of South Ossetia | Ossetian: Xussar Iryston / Хуссар Ирыстон Russian: Južnaja Osetia / Южная Осетия |
||
| en:Spain3 | Kingdom of Spain | Spanish: España Basque: Espainia Catalan: Espanya Galician: España |
||
| en:Sri Lanka | Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka | Sinhala: Sri Lanka Tamil: Llankai / இலங்கை |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े सूडन | en:Sudan | Republic of the Sudan | Arabic: As-Sūdān / السودان | |
| en:Suriname | Republic of Suriname | Dutch: Suriname | ||
| en:Swaziland | Kingdom of Swaziland | English: Swaziland Swazi: eSwatini |
||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े स्वेडन | en:Sweden | Kingdom of Sweden | Swedish: Sverige | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े स्वीटजरलैंड | en:Switzerland3 | Swiss Confederation | German: Schweiz French: Suisse Italian: Svizzera Raeto-Romance: Svizra |
|
| en:Syria | Syrian Arab Republic | Arabic: Sūriyyah / سورية | ||
| Taiwan (ROC)1 | Republic of China | Chinese: Táiwān / 台湾 (official: JhongHuá MínGuó / 中華民國) |
||
| en:Tajikistan4 | Republic of Tajikistan | Tajik: Tojikistan / Тоҷикистон | ||
| en:Tanzania | United Republic of Tanzania | Swahili: Tanzania English: Tanzania |
||
| en:Thailand | Kingdom of Thailand | Thai: Prathēt Thai / ราชอาณาจักรไทย | ||
| en:Togo | Togolese Republic | French: Togo | ||
| en:Tonga | Kingdom of Tonga | Tongan: Tonga English: Tonga |
||
| en:Transnistria1 | Transdniestrian Moldovan Republic | Russian: Pridnestrovje / пpиднecтpoвe Romanian/Moldovan: Stînga Nistrului |
||
| en:Trinidad and Tobago4 | Republic of Trinidad and Tobago | English: Trinidad and Tobago | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े टुनिशिया | en:Tunisia | Republic of Tunisia | Arabic: Tūnis / تونس | |
| en:Turkey | Republic of Turkey | Turkish: Türkiye | ||
| en:Turkmenistan | Turkmenistan | Turkmen: Türkmenistan | ||
| en:Tuvalu | Tuvalu | Tuvaluan: Tuvalu English: Tuvalu |
||
| en:Uganda | Republic of Uganda | ENglish: Uganda | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े युक्रेन | en:Ukraine4 | Ukraine | Ukrainian: Ukrajina / Україна | |
| en:United Arab Emirates3 | United Arab Emirates | Arabic: Al-Imarat Al-Arabiyah Al-Muttahidah / الإمارات العربيّة المتّحدة | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े संयुक्त साम्राज्य | en:United Kingdom2,3 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | English: United Kingdom | |
| en:United States2,3 | United States of America | English: United States | ||
| en:Uruguay | Eastern Republic of Uruguay | Spanish: Uruguay | ||
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े उज़बेकिस्तान | en:Uzbekistan4 | Republic of Uzbekistan | Uzbek: O'zbekiston | |
| साँचा:देश आँकड़े वानुअटू | en:Vanuatu | Republic of Vanuatu | Bislama: Vanuatu English: Vanuatu French: Vanuatu |
|
| en:Vatican City | State of the City of the Vatican | Italian: Città del Vaticano (Holy See9 ) | ||
| en:Venezuela 3 | Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela | Spanish: Venezuela | ||
| en:Vietnam | Socialist Republic of Vietnam | Vietnamese: Việt Nam | ||
| en:Yemen | Republic of Yemen | Arabic: Al-Yaman / اليمن | ||
| en:Zambia | Republic of Zambia | English: Zambia | ||
| en:Zimbabwe | Republic of Zimbabwe | English: Zimbabwe |