अन्तरिक्ष

विकिपीडिया, एक मुक्त ज्ञानकोष से

यहाँ जाएँ: भ्रमण, खोज

अंतरिक्ष या शून्य उन क्षेत्रों को कहते हैं जो ब्रह्माण्ड में अपेक्षाकृत खाली या विरल हैं। ये प्रायः खगोलीय पिण्डों के वायुमण्डल से दूर के स्तान होते हैं। आम धारणा के विपरीत ये स्थान पूर्णतः रिक्त नहीं होते (अर्थात यहाँ पूर्ण निर्वात नहीं होता) बल्कि यहाँ अत्यन्त कम घनत्व पर कुछ कण विद्यमान होते हैं । अंतरिक्ष में मुख्यतः हाइड्रोजन का प्लाज्मा एवं विद्युतचुम्बकीय विकिरण विद्यमान होता है।


[संपादित करें] कहाँ कितना दाब?

  • समुद्र तल पर - 101.3 kPa (1 atm; 1.013 bar; 29.92 in Hg; 760 mm Hg; 14.7 lbf/in²) वायुमण्डलीय दाब
  • 3.9 km (12,500 ft) (2.4 miles) - FAA requires supplemental oxygen for aircraft pilots in unpressurized aircraft.[१]
  • 5.0 km (16,400 ft) (3.1 miles) - 50 kPa of atmospheric pressure
  • 5.3 km (17,400 ft) (3.3 miles) - Half of the Earth's atmosphere is below this altitude.
  • 8.0 km (26,200 ft) (5 miles) - Death zone for human climbers
  • 8.85 km (29,035 ft) (5.5 miles) - Summit of Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth (26 kPa)
  • 16 km (52,500 ft) (9.9 miles) - Pressurized cabin or pressure suit required.
  • 18 km (59,100 ft) (11.2 miles) - Boundary between troposphere and stratosphere
  • 20 km (65,600 ft) (12.4 miles) - Water at room temperature boils without a pressurized container. (The popular notion that bodily fluids would start to boil at this point is false because the body generates enough internal pressure to prevent it.)
  • 24 km (78,700 ft) (14.9 miles) - Regular aircraft pressurization systems no longer function.
  • 32 km (105,000 ft) (19.9 miles) - Turbojets no longer function.
  • 34.7 km (113,740 ft) (21.5 miles) - Altitude record for manned balloon flight
  • 45 km (147,600 ft) (28 miles) - Ramjets no longer function.
  • 50 km (164,000 ft) (31 miles) - Boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere
  • 53 km (174,000 ft) (33 miles) - Altitude record of Balloon.
  • 80.5 km (264,000 ft) (50 miles) - Boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere. USA definition of space flight.
  • 100 km (328,100 ft) (62.1 miles) - Kármán line, defining the limit of outer space according to the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Aerodynamic surfaces ineffective due to low atmospheric density. Lift speed generally exceeds orbital velocity. Turbopause.
  • 120 km (393,400 ft) (74.6 miles) - First noticeable atmospheric drag during re-entry from orbit
  • 200 km (124.2 miles) - Lowest possible orbit with short-term stability (stable for a few days)
  • 307 km (190.8 miles) - STS-1 mission orbit
  • 350 km (217.4 miles) - Lowest possible orbit with long-term stability (stable for many years)
  • 360 km (223.7 miles) - ISS average orbit, which still varies due to drag and periodic boosting.
  • 390 km (242.3 miles) - Mir mission orbit
  • 440 km (273.4 miles) - Skylab mission orbit
  • 587 km (364.8 miles) - HST orbit
  • 690 km (428.7 miles) - Boundary between thermosphere and exosphere, start of the inner Van Allen Belt
  • 780 km (484.7 miles) - Iridium orbit
  • 1,374 km (850 miles) - Highest altitude by a manned Earth-orbiting flight (Gemini XI with Agena Target Vehicle)
  • 10,000 km (6,213 miles) - End of the inner Van Allen Belt
  • 19,000 km (11,900 miles) - Start of the outer Van Allen Belt
  • 20,200 km (12,600 miles) - GPS orbit
  • 35,786 km (22,237 miles) - Geostationary orbit height
  • 63,800 km (39,600 miles) - End of the outer Van Allen Belt
  • 320,000 km (200,000 miles) - Lunar gravity exceeds Earth's (at Lagrange point)
  • 348,200 km (238,700 miles) - lunar perigee (closet approach of the Moon)
  • 402,100 km (249,900 miles) - lunar apogee (largest distance between Earth and Moon)

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